AKTU Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering · Important Questions 2026Source: ryzenstudy.com PYQs
BME101 Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering Important Questions 2026 (AKTU)
Repeat analysis + most-asked questions, unit-wise
What we did: built from all 9 AKTU Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering papers (2021-22 (Sem 1)–2025-26): 217 questions grouped into 124 distinct questions, 44 of which were asked in more than one paper.
- of marks were repeat questions
- 42%
- of marks were repeat questions
- questions asked in 2+ papers
- 44
- questions asked in 2+ papers
- papers analysed (2021-22 (Sem 1)–2025-26)
- 9
- papers analysed (2021-22 (Sem 1)–2025-26)
- units, mapped to current syllabus
- 5
- units, mapped to current syllabus
How much of the paper repeats?
- Repeats are real: when we checked each newer BME101 paper against the papers before it, on average 42% of its marks were questions already asked in an earlier paper.
- 2022-23 (Sem 1) paper: 15% of marks were repeats (6 of 6 repeated questions were in our top list).
- 2022-23 (Sem 2) paper: 48% of marks were repeats (7 of 12 repeated questions were in our top list).
- 2023-24 (Sem 1) paper: 25% of marks were repeats (1 of 6 repeated questions were in our top list).
- 2023-24 (Sem 2) paper: 59% of marks were repeats (8 of 13 repeated questions were in our top list).
- 2024-25 (Sem 1) paper: 24% of marks were repeats (1 of 5 repeated questions were in our top list).
- 2024-25 (Sem 2) paper: 59% of marks were repeats (6 of 12 repeated questions were in our top list).
- 2025-26 paper: 67% of marks were repeats (5 of 14 repeated questions were in our top list).
- Topic weightage is a guide, not a guarantee: our Tier 1 + Tier 2 topics covered 56% of the next paper's marks — picking the same number of topics at random would have covered about 52%.
Across 10 subjects and 23 papers we tested, 43% of marks repeated earlier questions on average.
1.Unit-wise most-asked questions
Ranked by how many papers asked them, then by how recently. Click a paper to open it.
Unit 1: Introduction to Mechanics Hours
20% of past marks| Question | Asked |
|---|---|
| Find the resultant of forces 2, √3, 5, √3 & 2N that act at an angular point of regular hexagon towards the other angular point taking in an order | Asked 5× |
| Draw the stress-strain diagram of the following: (i) Ductile materials (ii) Brittle Materials | Asked 3× |
| A beam 8m long is hinged at A and supported on rollers over a smooth surface inclined at 30° to the horizontal at B. The beam is loaded as shown in fig. Determine the support reaction | Asked 2× |
| Derive the relation between elastic constants: E, G, K, and ν (Poisson's ratio). | Asked 2× |
Unit 2: Introduction to IC Engines and Electric Vehicles
18% of past marks| Question | Asked |
|---|---|
| Explain the construction and working principle of a 4-Stroke Diesel engine also draw the Pressure (P)-Volume(V) & Temperature (T)-Entropy (S) diagram with (see original paper) | Asked 5× |
| What do you mean by scavenging? | Asked 4× |
| Explain in detail the working of two stroke SI engine with neat diagram. Also compare two stroke SI and two stroke CI engine | Asked 3× |
| Explain any seven differences between a spark-ignition (SI) engine and compression-ignition (CI) engine with the help of a Pressure-Volume (P-V) and Temperature-Entropy (T-S) diagram | Asked 2× |
Unit 3: Introduction to Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning
17% of past marks| Question | Asked |
|---|---|
| Explain the construction & working of a domestic refrigerator with a suitable diagram. Also, show all the components | Asked 6× |
| Discuss in detail the construction and working of window air-conditioner with neat diagram | Asked 4× |
| Write the short notes on the followings: (i) Dew point temperature (ii) Comfort air conditioning | Asked 3× |
| It is proposed to heat a house using a heat pump; outside air at 0°C is used as the heat source. Inside temperature of house is maintained at 30°C. The heating load estimated as 205600 KJ/hrs. Calculate the minimum power to drive the heat pump | Asked 2× |
Unit 4: Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Applications
20% of past marks| Question | Asked |
|---|---|
| State and explain Pascal’s Law. A hydraulic press has a ram of 30 cm diameter and a plunger of 4.5 cm diameter. Find the weight lifted by the hydraulic press when the force applied at the plunger is 600N | Asked 5× |
| What are the Newtonian and Non-Newtonian fluids? | Asked 4× |
| Explain the construction working principle of the Pelton wheel turbine with a neat sketch | Asked 2× |
| A liquid has a density of 850 kg/m³. Calculate its specific gravity | Asked 2× |
Unit 5: Introduction to Measurement and Mechatronics
25% of past marks| Question | Asked |
|---|---|
| Explain the construction working of an optical pyrometer with a neat labeled sketch | Asked 4× |
| Explain the construction and working of Bourdon Tube with neat diagram for measuring the pressure | Asked 4× |
| Define the term ‘Mechatronics’ and explain. Also, write the advantages and disadvantages of mechatronics | Asked 3× |
| What is the difference between gauge pressure and absolute pressure? | Asked 3× |
2.Topic weightage: which topics carry the marks
Blue = Tier 1 + Tier 2 (topics that carried ~80% of past marks). Grey = the rest. It shows where marks have gone, not a promise of what comes next.
Pressure and temperature measurement · U5
7.1% (cum 7%)
Pelton wheel and Francis turbine · U4
5.2% (cum 12%)
Poisson's ratio and elastic constants · U1
5.1% (cum 17%)
Mechanical actuation systems · U5
4.6% (cum 22%)
Humidity and dew point temperature · U3
3.8% (cum 26%)
Domestic refrigerator construction and working · U3
3.7% (cum 30%)
Mechatronics evolution and applications · U5
3.6% (cum 33%)
Two stroke and four stroke engines · U2
3.5% (cum 37%)
Equilibrium equations and support reactions · U1
3.4% (cum 40%)
Pascal's law · U4
3.2% (cum 43%)
Stress-strain diagram for materials · U1
3% (cum 46%)
Hybrid electric vehicle components · U2
2.9% (cum 49%)
Centrifugal and reciprocating pumps · U4
2.9% (cum 52%)
Coefficient of performance · U3
2.9% (cum 55%)
Scavenging process · U2
2.5% (cum 57%)
Stress, strain and Hooke's law · U1
2.4% (cum 60%)
Resultant of force system · U1
2.3% (cum 62%)
SI and CI engine working · U2
2.3% (cum 64%)
Concept of measurement and errors · U5
2.2% (cum 67%)
Dynamic and kinematic viscosity · U4
2.2% (cum 69%)
Refrigerating effect and ton of refrigeration · U3
2.2% (cum 71%)
Hydraulic and pneumatic actuation · U5
2.1% (cum 73%)
Advantages and disadvantages of EVs · U2
2.1% (cum 75%)
Window air conditioner working · U3
2% (cum 77%)
Engine definition and components · U2
1.9% (cum 79%)
Concept of heat pump · U3
1.7% (cum 81%)
Continuity equation · U4
1.7% (cum 83%)
Sensors and transducers · U5
1.6% (cum 84%)
Principle of transmissibility · U1
1.6% (cum 86%)
Calibration, accuracy and precision · U5
1.5% (cum 87%)
Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids · U4
1.5% (cum 89%)
Force moment and couple · U1
1.4% (cum 90%)
Torque measurement (Prony brake) · U5
1.4% (cum 92%)
Specific gravity · U4
1.4% (cum 93%)
EV chargers, drives and transmission · U2
1.2% (cum 94%)
SI vs CI comparison · U2
1.2% (cum 95%)
Fluid properties and density · U4
0.8% (cum 96%)
EV components and batteries · U2
0.8% (cum 97%)
Hydraulic lift · U4
0.7% (cum 98%)
Mass flow rate measurement · U5
0.6% (cum 98%)
Methods of refrigeration · U3
0.6% (cum 99%)
Air-conditioning meaning and application · U3
0.6% (cum 99%)
Factor of safety · U1
0.3% (cum 100%)
Strain gauge and proving ring · U5
0.3% (cum 100%)
| Topic | Papers | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure and temperature measurement · Unit 5 · Tier 1 | 6/9 | 7.1% |
| Pelton wheel and Francis turbine · Unit 4 · Tier 1 | 8/9 | 5.2% |
| Poisson's ratio and elastic constants · Unit 1 · Tier 1 | 8/9 | 5.1% |
| Mechanical actuation systems · Unit 5 · Tier 1 | 4/9 | 4.6% |
| Humidity and dew point temperature · Unit 3 · Tier 1 | 6/9 | 3.8% |
| Domestic refrigerator construction and working · Unit 3 · Tier 1 | 6/9 | 3.7% |
| Mechatronics evolution and applications · Unit 5 · Tier 1 | 7/9 | 3.6% |
| Two stroke and four stroke engines · Unit 2 · Tier 1 | 4/9 | 3.5% |
| Equilibrium equations and support reactions · Unit 1 · Tier 1 | 4/9 | 3.4% |
| Pascal's law · Unit 4 · Tier 1 | 7/9 | 3.2% |
| Stress-strain diagram for materials · Unit 1 · Tier 1 | 6/9 | 3% |
| Hybrid electric vehicle components · Unit 2 · Tier 1 | 5/9 | 2.9% |
| Centrifugal and reciprocating pumps · Unit 4 · Tier 1 | 6/9 | 2.9% |
| Coefficient of performance · Unit 3 · Tier 2 | 6/9 | 2.9% |
| Scavenging process · Unit 2 · Tier 2 | 5/9 | 2.5% |
| Stress, strain and Hooke's law · Unit 1 · Tier 2 | 5/9 | 2.4% |
| Resultant of force system · Unit 1 · Tier 2 | 5/9 | 2.3% |
| SI and CI engine working · Unit 2 · Tier 2 | 5/9 | 2.3% |
| Concept of measurement and errors · Unit 5 · Tier 2 | 3/9 | 2.2% |
| Dynamic and kinematic viscosity · Unit 4 · Tier 2 | 3/9 | 2.2% |
| Refrigerating effect and ton of refrigeration · Unit 3 · Tier 2 | 3/9 | 2.2% |
| Hydraulic and pneumatic actuation · Unit 5 · Tier 2 | 5/9 | 2.1% |
| Advantages and disadvantages of EVs · Unit 2 · Tier 2 | 4/9 | 2.1% |
| Window air conditioner working · Unit 3 · Tier 2 | 4/9 | 2% |
| Engine definition and components · Unit 2 · Tier 2 | 4/9 | 1.9% |
| Concept of heat pump · Unit 3 · Tier 2 | 3/9 | 1.7% |
| Continuity equation · Unit 4 · Tier 3 | 3/9 | 1.7% |
| Sensors and transducers · Unit 5 · Tier 3 | 3/9 | 1.6% |
| Principle of transmissibility · Unit 1 · Tier 3 | 2/9 | 1.6% |
| Calibration, accuracy and precision · Unit 5 · Tier 3 | 4/9 | 1.5% |
| Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids · Unit 4 · Tier 3 | 4/9 | 1.5% |
| Force moment and couple · Unit 1 · Tier 3 | 3/9 | 1.4% |
| Torque measurement (Prony brake) · Unit 5 · Tier 3 | 2/9 | 1.4% |
| Specific gravity · Unit 4 · Tier 3 | 3/9 | 1.4% |
| EV chargers, drives and transmission · Unit 2 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 1.2% |
| SI vs CI comparison · Unit 2 · Tier 3 | 2/9 | 1.2% |
| Fluid properties and density · Unit 4 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.8% |
| EV components and batteries · Unit 2 · Tier 3 | 2/9 | 0.8% |
| Hydraulic lift · Unit 4 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.7% |
| Mass flow rate measurement · Unit 5 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.6% |
| Methods of refrigeration · Unit 3 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.6% |
| Air-conditioning meaning and application · Unit 3 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.6% |
| Factor of safety · Unit 1 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.3% |
| Strain gauge and proving ring · Unit 5 · Tier 3 | 1/9 | 0.3% |
3.Paper pattern (2025-26)
| Section | Questions | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| A | 7 × 2 marks | Attempt all |
| B | 5 × 7 marks | Attempt any 3 |
| C | 10 × 7 marks | Attempt any 1 |
4.In the syllabus, never asked yet
Low priority, but read them once — a new paper can always start here.
- Varignon's theorem · U1
- Types of supports and loads · U1
- Two-stroke vs four-stroke comparison · U2
- Comfort conditions · U3
5.Study order
- 1Pressure and temperature measurement (Unit 5, Tier 1)
- 2Pelton wheel and Francis turbine (Unit 4, Tier 1)
- 3Poisson's ratio and elastic constants (Unit 1, Tier 1)
- 4Mechanical actuation systems (Unit 5, Tier 1)
- 5Humidity and dew point temperature (Unit 3, Tier 1)
- 6Domestic refrigerator construction and working (Unit 3, Tier 1)
- 7Mechatronics evolution and applications (Unit 5, Tier 1)
- 8Two stroke and four stroke engines (Unit 2, Tier 1)
- 9Equilibrium equations and support reactions (Unit 1, Tier 1)
- 10Pascal's law (Unit 4, Tier 1)
- 11Stress-strain diagram for materials (Unit 1, Tier 1)
- 12Hybrid electric vehicle components (Unit 2, Tier 1)
- 13Centrifugal and reciprocating pumps (Unit 4, Tier 1)
- 14Coefficient of performance (Unit 3, Tier 2)
- 15Scavenging process (Unit 2, Tier 2)
- 16Stress, strain and Hooke's law (Unit 1, Tier 2)
- 17Resultant of force system (Unit 1, Tier 2)
- 18SI and CI engine working (Unit 2, Tier 2)
- 19Concept of measurement and errors (Unit 5, Tier 2)
- 20Dynamic and kinematic viscosity (Unit 4, Tier 2)
- 21Refrigerating effect and ton of refrigeration (Unit 3, Tier 2)
- 22Hydraulic and pneumatic actuation (Unit 5, Tier 2)
- 23Advantages and disadvantages of EVs (Unit 2, Tier 2)
- 24Window air conditioner working (Unit 3, Tier 2)
- 25Engine definition and components (Unit 2, Tier 2)
- 26Concept of heat pump (Unit 3, Tier 2)
FAQ
Which units of BME101 carry the most marks?
Unit 5 (Introduction to Measurement and Mechatronics, 25% of past marks) and Unit 1 (Introduction to Mechanics Hours, 20% of past marks).
Do AKTU Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering questions repeat?
Yes. On average 42% of the marks in each newer BME101 paper came from questions already asked in an earlier paper, and 44 questions have appeared in more than one paper.
How is this list made?
Every question from the 9 papers (2021-22 (Sem 1)–2025-26) was mapped to the current AKTU syllabus and grouped with the same question from other years. Questions are ranked by how many papers they appeared in, then by how recently.
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Note: this is based on past AKTU papers, not a guarantee. Questions are mapped to the current syllabus; topics that are no longer in the syllabus are left out.