BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology Syllabus
AKTU B.Tech · 4th Semester · Unit-wise syllabus (effective 2023-24)
BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology (also written as KAG402) is a subject in Semester 4 of the AKTU B.Tech programme, prescribed by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University. It carries 4 credits with an L-T-P of 3-1-0. The syllabus is divided into 5 units. The complete unit-wise topic list, course outcomes and reference books are given below, taken from the official AKTU syllabus effective from 2023-24.
BAG402 Subject Details
| Subject Code | BAG402 / KAG402 |
|---|---|
| Subject Name | Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology |
| University | Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University (AKTU) |
| Course | B.Tech (Bachelor of Technology) |
| Year / Semester | 2nd Year · 4th Semester |
| Credits | 4 |
| L-T-P | 3-1-0 |
| Total Units | 5 |
| Scheme Effective From | 2023-24 |
| Last Verified | 2026-08-15 |
BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology Unit-Wise Syllabus
Official AKTU syllabus (effective 2023-24) — 5 units.
Unit 1
Module 1 Hydrologic cycle, precipitation and its forms, rainfall measurement and estimation of mean rainfall, frequency analysis of point rainfall. Mass curve, hyetograph, depth-area-duration curves and intensity-duration-frequency relationship. Hydrologic processes-Interception, infiltration, measurement and indices. Evaporation - Estimation and measurement. Runoff - Factors affecting, measurement, and stage - discharge rating curve, estimation of peak runoff rate and volume, rational method, Cook’s method and SCS curve number method.
Unit 2
Module 2 Geomorphology of watersheds – Linear, aerial and relief aspects of watersheds- stream order, drainage density and stream frequency. Hydrograph - Components, base flow separation, unit hydrograph theory, S-curve, synthetic hydrograph, applications and limitations. Stream gauging - discharge rating curves, flood peak, design flood and computation of probable flood. Flood routing – channel and reservoir routing. Drought – classification causes and impacts, drought management strategy.
Unit 3
Module 3 Soil erosion - Introduction, causes and types - geological and accelerated erosion, agents, factors affecting and effects of erosion. Water erosion - Mechanics and forms - splash, sheet, rill, gully, ravine and stream bank erosion. Gullies - Classification, stages of development. Soil loss estimation – Universal soil loss equation (USLE) and modified USLE. Rainfall erosivity - estimation by KE>25 and EI30 methods. Soil erodibility - topography, crop management and conservation practice factors. Measurement of soil erosion - Runoff plots, soil samplers.
Unit 4
Module 4 Water erosion control measures - agronomical measures - contour farming, strip cropping, conservation tillage and mulching. Engineering measures– Bunds and terraces. Bunds - contour and graded bunds - design. Terraces - level and graded, broad base terraces, bench terraces - planning, design and layout procedure, contour stonewall and trenching.
Unit 5
Module 5 Gully and ravine reclamation - principles of gully control - vegetative measures, temporary structures and diversion drains. Grassed waterways and design. Wind erosion- Factors affecting, mechanics, soil loss estimation and control measures - vegetative, mechanical measures, wind breaks and shelter belts and stabilization of sand dunes. Land capability classification. Rate of sedimentation, silt monitoring and storage loss in tanks.
BAG402 Course Outcomes
- Category
- Subject Name Departmental Course
- Scheme and SOIL & WATER CONSERVATION ENGINEERING AND WATERSHED HYDROLOGY
- Credits
- L-T-P Theory Sessional Total Credit
- Pre-requisites Marks
- (if any) Test Assig/Att.
- 3-1-0
- Basic knowledge of mathematics and science of higher secondary level.
- At the end of this course, the student will be able to
- CO 1 Understand hydrologic cycle, rainfall measurement, graphical K2 & K4
- relations, hydrologic process & runoff measurement.
- CO 2 Analyze the geomorphology of watershed, stream gauging, K2 & K1
- draught classification, causes and management strategy.
- CO 3 Understand soil erosion, its classification, mechanics of erosion, K4& K5
- estimation of soil loss, rainfall erosivity and soil erodiability
- CO 4 Familiarized with agronomical measures for water erosion, and K2 & K4
- analyze Engineering measures for soil erosion control.
- CO 5 Understand Gully and ravine reclamation, wind break, Land K2 & K4
- capability classification, sediment estimation.
- K1- Remember, K2- Understand, K3- Apply, K4- Analyze, K5-Evaulate, K6- Create
BAG402 Reference Books
- Visit to meteorological observatory and study of different instruments.
- Exercise on intensity-frequency-duration curves
- Analysis of rainfall data and estimation of mean rainfall by different methods.
- Exercise on frequency analysis of hydrologic data and estimation of missing data, test for consistency of
- Exercise on computation of infiltration indices.
- Study of different types and forms of water erosion.
- Exercises on computation of rainfall erosivity index.
- Computation of soil erodibility index in soil loss estimation.
- Exercises on soil loss estimation/measuring techniques.
- Study of rainfall simulator for erosion assessment.
Frequently Asked Questions about BAG402
What is the syllabus of BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology?
The AKTU BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology syllabus is divided into 5 units. The complete topic list for each unit is published on this page, taken from the official Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University syllabus effective from 2023-24.
How many units are there in BAG402?
BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology has 5 units in the AKTU syllabus, with an L-T-P (Lecture-Tutorial-Practical) structure of 3-1-0 and 4 credits.
Is BAG402 the same subject as KAG402?
Yes. AKTU renumbered its B.Tech subject codes from the 2022-23 session onwards, so the same subject appears as BAG402 and KAG402 depending on the scheme year. The syllabus content is the same.
Which semester is BAG402 taught in?
BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology is taught in Semester 4 of the 2nd year of the AKTU B.Tech programme.
How many credits is BAG402 worth?
BAG402 Soil and Water Conservation Engineering and Watershed Hydrology carries 4 credits in the AKTU evaluation scheme, with an L-T-P of 3-1-0.
Where can I download BAG402 previous year question papers?
AKTU B.Tech previous year question papers for every semester are available to download free on Ryzenstudy, with no login or registration required.
Is this the official AKTU syllabus for BAG402?
Yes. Every topic on this page is taken from the official Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University syllabus document (AKTU B.Tech 2nd Year Agriculture Engineering Syllabus), effective from 2023-24. A direct link to the original AKTU PDF is provided at the top of this page. Last verified on 2026-08-15.
Related AKTU Syllabus
Source: Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University official syllabus — AKTU B.Tech 2nd Year Agriculture Engineering Syllabus, effective from 2023-24. Ryzenstudy is not affiliated with AKTU. Content last verified on 2026-08-15.